The classic wooden breadboard is obsolete, but its name continues to refer to a vital engineering tool that has changed to meet today’s component and … [Read More...] about Breadboards evolve to meet 21st-century design needs, Part 1: The “Ancient” Past
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FAQs
What’s the difference between equalizers?
Equalizers are used to alter the performance of signal chains. In some cases, that means linearizing signal chain performance. In other cases, … [Read More...] about What’s the difference between equalizers?
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What’s the difference between equalizers?
Equalizers are used to alter the performance of signal chains. In some cases, that means linearizing signal chain performance. In other cases, equalizers are used to introduce nonlinearities. As a … [Read More...] about What’s the difference between equalizers?
What do you do with a bucket brigade device?
A bucket brigade device (BBD) is a discrete-time analog delay line using capacitors that has been replaced in most digital signal processing applications. But it continues to be used in some specialty … [Read More...] about What do you do with a bucket brigade device?
What’s a logarithmic resistor ladder good for?
A logarithmic resistor ladder consists of a resistor string and switches designed to attenuate a signal. The state of the switches can be considered to represent a digital code proportional to the … [Read More...] about What’s a logarithmic resistor ladder good for?
What causes noise in analog designs and how can it be controlled?
Controlling noise in analog and mixed-signal circuits is important but not simple. Data integrity is dependent on controlling noise in the signal chain. If left uncontrolled, noise can impair or … [Read More...] about What causes noise in analog designs and how can it be controlled?
Five considerations for mixed-signal PCB layouts
Printed circuit board (PCB) layout is an important activity when developing mixed-signal applications. A lot can go wrong, and everything needs to be correct for a successful design. Impedance control … [Read More...] about Five considerations for mixed-signal PCB layouts
When is a high CMRR needed in an op amp?
Common mode rejection ratio (CMRR), also called common mode rejection (CMR), quantifies the ability of an operational amplifier (op amp) to reject common-mode signals. Common-mode signals are signals … [Read More...] about When is a high CMRR needed in an op amp?
What are reflectionless filters, Part 3: Basic principles
Standard filters reflect unwanted stopband energy, but reflectionless filters present a seamless impedance across both stopband and passband, which greatly improves performance of the RF signal … [Read More...] about What are reflectionless filters, Part 3: Basic principles
Hardware-assisted verification technology in the mainstream
By Jean-Marie Brunet, and Dr. Lauro Rizzatti, Siemens EDA Today, system-on-chip (SoC) devices permeate our world and propel numerous industries. They are integral for the internet of things (IoT), … [Read More...] about Hardware-assisted verification technology in the mainstream
Tolerance analysis distinguishes prototypes from production units
It’s not enough to model and simulate circuit behavior – you also have to investigate the effects of component variations from their nominal values due to unavoidable tolerances. There’s a … [Read More...] about Tolerance analysis distinguishes prototypes from production units
The practical magical first-order analog filter: Part 1
Finding the right analog filter to build a sensor circuit doesn’t have to be complicated. Understandably, the plethora of filter options can be overwhelming. Also, selecting a less-than-ideal filter … [Read More...] about The practical magical first-order analog filter: Part 1
An overview of filters and their parameters, Part 4: Time and phase issues
Understanding how filters are characterized is the first step in choosing an appropriate topology with suitable specifications. Thus far, we have focused on filters primarily in terms of their … [Read More...] about An overview of filters and their parameters, Part 4: Time and phase issues
An overview of filters and their parameters, Part 1: Context
Understanding how filters are characterized is the first step in choosing an appropriate topology with suitable specifications. Mention “filters” to electrical engineers of the older persuasion, … [Read More...] about An overview of filters and their parameters, Part 1: Context
A look at intrinsic broadband noise spectral density
You can think of noise as an unwanted signal. This signal creates an error by combining with the desired signal in your circuit. Exterior sources can couple into your circuits, such as your 50 or 60 … [Read More...] about A look at intrinsic broadband noise spectral density
Squash 1/f noise with zero-drift amplifiers
There is a device that squashes all the 1/f voltage and current noise calculations with a chopper amplifier algorithm that corrects offset and drift characteristics. These amplifiers are zero-drift, … [Read More...] about Squash 1/f noise with zero-drift amplifiers
Free-space optical links, Part 1: Principles
Free-space optical links provide a reliable, cost-effective, and quick way to link two fixed communication nodes located a few kilometers apart. When engineers think of “optical data links” or … [Read More...] about Free-space optical links, Part 1: Principles
