Immersive audio is a three-dimensional (3D) sound field created by combining lateral and overhead speakers. A variety of industry standard and custom codecs are available for implementing immersive audio. This FAQ reviews the operation of the MPEG-H Audio (universal immersive audio coding) codec and the still-under-development MPEG-I Immersive Audio (compressed representation for virtual and augmented […]
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Managing design complexity and global collaboration with IP-centric design
Semiconductor design complexity has increased exponentially in recent years, and this challenge is exacerbated by the need to collaborate and scale across multiple, globally distributed teams while accelerating time to market. On top of these elements, the industry has been confronted with a major obstacle: the current talent shortage. There is no quick fix to […]
How does artificial intelligence relate to immersive audio?
Tools like neural networks (NNs), machine learning (ML), and artificial intelligence (AI) are being applied to hard problems related to immersive audio. This FAQ will examine how NNs and ML are being used to up-mix audio tracks into their original constituent parts, how NNs are being used to produce personalized head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) and […]
What is immersive audio and how does it work?
Immersive audio extends conventional surround sound technology into the third dimension. It adds height and more to the audio experience. This FAQ presents some of the basic concepts of immersive audio, looks at how ambisonics relates to immersive audio, and closes by looking at a new recommended immersive audio system design practice. Immersive sound transforms […]
October 2023 Issue: Power & Energy Efficiency Handbook
Engineering a green mindset and sustainable future Growing up in the pre-2000s era with a power electronics engineer for a father, my family’s first introduction to power and energy efficiency efforts was primarily analog. The word “vampire” was associated with a TV show called Dark Shadows; it had nothing to do with standby power […]
How many types of radar are there?
Radio detection and ranging (radar) uses reflected radio waves to detect and determine the distance, angle, and velocity of objects relative to the radar system. A basic radar system consists of a transmitter producing electromagnetic waves in the radio or microwave spectrum (these can be pulsed or continuous), a transmitting antenna, a receiving antenna (often […]
If you are working with sensors here are some tools to consider: Part 2
Sensor fusion is increasingly important across a range of applications including automotive, industrial, consumer, portable, medical systems and others. It can be challenging to sort out the design issues and identify the optimal solution. That’s where electronic design automation (EDA) tools are handy. The best choice of EDA tool or tools for a given project […]
If you are working with sensors here are some tools to consider: Part 1
Sensor fusion is increasingly important across a range of applications including automotive, industrial, consumer, portable, medical systems, and others. It can be challenging to sort out the design issues and identify the optimal solution. That’s where electronic design automation (EDA) tools are handy. The best choice of EDA tool or tools for a given project […]
FAQ on Luneburg lens to increase radar signature: Part 3
The Luneburg lens is an extremely efficient reflector of radar energy based on advanced principles and fabrication techniques. The theoretical Luneburg lens requires a smooth, continuous gradient of the refractive index from the center to the outside. In practice, this is generally not a viable type of construction (but that is changing). Q: What is […]
FAQ on Luneburg lens to increase radar signature part 2
The Luneburg lens is an extremely efficient reflector of radar energy based on advanced principles and fabrication techniques. This section looks at the Luneburg lens, used to enhance radar visibility by increasing the RCS. Q: What is a Luneburg lens? A: There are several ways to describe it, both qualitatively and quantitatively. The Luneburg lens […]
